最近美國的「極地渦旋」極端氣候持續侵襲著各州,各種災情不斷傳出,甚至連知名觀光景點「尼加拉大瀑布」也直接凍結。
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這次的極地渦旋讓尼加拉大瀑布變成了一個壯觀的冬季仙境,因為超低溫嚴重影響了東北部。星期四加拿大安大略省的氣溫更是降到零下20度。
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這些令人嘆為觀止的照片顯示了瀑布和河岸沿著水和霧氣形成的冰層。蒸氣不斷從瀑布上升,因為水溫比空氣還要溫暖。 雖然有些照片看起來像直接靜止的冰凍瀑布,但水實際上永遠不會停止流動。
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尼加拉大瀑布每年冬天都會在河上形成冰層。 但瀑布的實際凍結程度取決於極端寒冷天氣的時間長短,例如近期的長時間低溫,才可能形成如此壯觀又難得的凍結瀑布景象。
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這次的「極地渦旋」直接影響了美國中西部,造成至少21人死亡,這次的溫度更是打破史上最低紀錄。根據報導,芝加哥至少有8人死於與感冒相關的傷亡,死亡人數從之前的13人持續增加。更有醫院表示本週已經看到大約25名凍傷傷患,最嚴重的病例有手指和腳趾截肢的風險。
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如此驚人的天氣讓美國陷入歷史性凍結,並在週四打破歷史記錄,伊利諾伊州和愛荷華州部分地區分別到了攝氏零下38度和零下34度的超低溫。天氣冷到取消超過2300個航班,也導致各機場超過1500次的班機延誤。
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各城市不斷打破歷史低溫紀錄,引發了整個地區的許多超現實場景,包括密西根湖凍結,芝加哥市中心的河流也蓋滿冰塊。中西部地區最低溫更是降到零下46度,比南極更冷。
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這樣的極端寒冷是由「極地渦旋」的位移引起的,極地渦旋通常在北極上空的平流層周圍旋轉,但是它的電流被破壞,導致向東推進,才會在美國造成如此嚴重的影響。
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周六以來,這樣極寒天氣已經導致十多人死亡,其中一些人死於與天氣有關的交通事故,另一些則是凍死。週三愛荷華大學發現一具18歲學生屍體。 美國氣象局表示當時的氣溫約為留下46度。警方周三在底特律也發現了一名70歲男子的屍體,而且沒有任何能禦寒的特殊裝備。
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威斯康辛州、明尼蘇達州、密西根州、伊利諾伊州和愛荷華州的部分學校週四仍然關閉。現在芝加哥比加拿大位於世界最北端並有人居住的小村落更冷。美國各州州長也宣布採取更多措施保護弱勢群免受寒冷,包括遊民及老年人。
TEEPR巴黎小鹿編:這不就是「明天過後」的場景嗎……
(往下還有更多精彩文章!)